Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Many questions concerning Turner Syndrome (TS) remain unresolved, such as the long-term complications and, therefore, the optimal care setting for adults. Most controversials regard tumors. Very few data are available on thyroid carcinoma and no specific screening protocol of monitoring is advised in the current official guidelines. This long-term cohort study was primarily aimed at estimating the incidence and time to comorbid conditions along the life course, inc...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) develops early in Turner syndrome (TS) and appears not related to common risk factors. The precise mechanism of its development is still a matter of debate: a defective insulin response seems to be involved, but the role of incretins is still undefined.Objective: To evaluate the implication of incretin release in the early stages of DM development in TS. Materials and Methods: 153 Turner patient...

Background and Objective: Severe metabolic complications generally manifest at an early age in Berardinelli – Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL) and their management is especially challenging, often requiring prompt pharmacological treatment with insulin-sensitizers, lipid lowering drugs, insulin and eventually metreleptin. Nutritional intervention with low lipid personalized diets is considered by experts a fundamental tool in handling the disease when associated with ...

Background: Many questions concerning polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remain unsolved, such as the long term evolution of cardiovascular (CV) risk markers and the risk for CV events.Methods: A total of 119 PCOS patients diagnosed in 2009 by NIH criteria at our Unit were evaluated at baseline for cardiovascular risk markers (hypertension, diabetes mellitus-DM, dyslipidaemia, obesity, carotid intima media thickness-cIMT, and epicardial fat thickness-EFT) ...

Background and aim: Ovarian hyperandrogenism is a known cause of post-menopausal hirsutism and virilisation, more frequently of a benign nature (e.g. ovarian hyperthecosis, Leydig cell hyperplasia). Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy delivers both definitive diagnostic and therapeutic results. However, after excluding the presence of a suspicious ovarian mass, the use of GnRH analogues (GnRH-a) offers a valuable therapeutic alternative with cases reporting a sustained response in...

Background: Many questions concerning polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remain unsolved, such as the long-term evolution of cardiovascular (CV) risk markers and the risk for CV events.Methods: A total of 119 PCOS patients diagnosed in 2009 by NIH criteria at our Unit were evaluated at baseline for cardiovascular risk markers (hypertension, diabetes mellitus-DM, dyslipidaemia, obesity, carotid intima media thickness-cIMT, and epicardial fat thickness-EFT) ...

Introduction: Liver function test abnormalities (LFA) are common in patients with Turner syndrome (TS). The etiopathogenesis of this complication remains unclear, probably being multifaceted. Metabolic syndrome, generalized vasculopathy, and autoimmunity have been proposed as possible causal mechanisms.Objectives: - To describe the prevalence and possible related factors of morpho-functional liver abnormalities in TS adult patients. - To evaluate the uti...

Background: Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) was shown to be effective in reducing weight and insulin resistance (IR) in obese patients. Considering that IR is very common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and that IR worsens hyperandrogenism, ovulatory disfunction, and body fat accumulation, conceivably VLCKD could alleviate PCOS manifestations in the obese phenotype.Objective: This study compared the effects of a commercial VLCKD (...

Background: PCOS is characterised by increased production of ovarian and adrenal androgens. Obesity is closely connected to excess androgens and to the disruption of hormone circadian rhythmicity. To date, it is not clear whether hyperandrogenism in PCOS, complicated or not by obesity, is associated with androgen rhythm dysregulation.Aim: To investigate androgen diurnal rhythmicity and overall daily androgen exposure by measuring testosterone(T), androst...